【TED】女儿从小如何培养？现在起，做一个勇敢的女孩！

男孩要英勇，女孩要完善，这一根深蒂固的教诲理念影响了一代又第一代孩子，男孩女孩的人生门路也因而开端分岔。本期百科，我们想给年夜家分享Reshma Saujani密斯的TED演讲，看看她想要报告我们甚么样的故事；女孩，又该当怎样培育。

Reshma Saujani密斯她的人生轨迹就是不断做着完善和兢兢业业的工作，直到她33岁时秀士生第一次做了件英勇但看似其实不完善的事，但这件事给她带来许多考虑和贯通，从而也完全改动了她的人生轨迹与目的。因而也有了这场发人沉思的演讲。

以下是节选内容：

So many women I talk to tell me?that they gravitate towards careers and professions that they know they’re going to be great in,?that they know they’re going to be perfect in,?and it’s no wonder why.?Most girls are taught to avoid risk and failure.?We’re taught to smile pretty,?play it safe, get all A’s.?

许多女性在攀谈中报告我，她们偏向于挑选那些合适本人的职业，那些她们一开端就晓得本人会做的很好的职位。这不敷为怪，由于我们中年夜大都女孩从小承受的家庭教诲就是阔别风险，制止失利。我们从小听的原理是要笑的心爱一点，玩的时分宁静第一，另有，在学院门门得A。

Boys, on the other hand,?are taught to play rough, swing high,?crawl to the top of the monkey bars and then just jump off headfirst.?And by the time they’re adults,?whether they’re negotiating a raise or even asking someone out on a date,?they’re habituated to take risk after risk.?They’re rewarded for it.?It’s often said in Silicon Valley,?no one even takes you seriously unless you’ve had two failed start-ups.

但是男孩子们呢？年夜人们鼓舞他们铺开胆量玩，秋千要荡得最远，爬竿要爬得最高，然后冒莽撞失地跳上去。当他们成年当前，不论是请求加薪仍是约女孩进来，他们都情愿冒这个风险，由于他们在冒险中获得报答。就像在美国硅谷，除非你曾经两次创业失利，否则没有人会把你当一回事。?

In other words,?we’re raising our girls to be perfect,?and we’re raising our boys to be brave.

换言之，从小我们教诲女孩们要事事完善，教诲男孩们则是要事事英勇。

What’s going on??Well, at the fifth grade level,?girls routinely outperform boys in every subject,?including math and science,?so it’s not a question of ability.?

（当一群五年级的门生碰到了困难，智慧的女孩很快就抛却了，男孩们却对峙应战它，不吝花上两倍的工夫精神也要处理它。）为何会如许呢？究竟上五年级的女生每门学科表示得都比男生超卓，包罗数学和科学，以是，这不是才能的成绩。

The difference is in how boys and girls approach a challenge.?And it doesn’t just end in fifth grade.?An HP report found that men will apply for a job?if they meet only 60 percent of the qualifications,?but women, women will apply?only if they meet 100 percent of the qualifications.?100 percent.?

枢纽在于男孩女孩面临应战的立场。即便他们成人以后也是云云，一份惠普的陈述显现，哪怕一个汉子只要六成的掌握能担当这个事情，他也会去招聘，女性呢，除非她们以为本人百分百契合这个岗亭的请求，不然毫不会去测验考试。

This study is usually invoked as evidence that, well,?women need a little more confidence.?But I think it’s evidence?that women have been socialized to aspire to perfection,?and they’re overly cautious.

凡是这一研讨被用来证实女性常常缺少自大，但我以为这也恰好表白，女性在社会中过于寻求完善而一直前瞻后顾。

And even when we’re ambitious,?even when we’re leaning in,?that socialization of perfection?has caused us to take less risks in our careers.?And so those 600,000 jobs that are open right now?in computing and tech,?women are being left behind,?and it means our economy is being left behind?on all the innovation and problems women would solve?if they were socialized to be brave?instead of socialized to be perfect.

作为女性，虽然我们表示得大志壮志，情愿挺身而进，但社会对我们完善的承认使我们不肯意在本人的职业生活生计上冒风险。现在电子和手艺行业开放了60万个的岗亭，女性在此中所占的比例倒是年夜年夜落伍的，这意味着，我们的经济在全部立异和女机能处理的成绩上正在式微，假如她们被社会教诲得更加英勇，而不是贴上“完善”的标签，就不会有这个成绩了。

We immediately see in our program?our girls’ fear of not getting it right,?of not being perfect.?Every Girls Who Code teacher tells me the same story.?During the first week, when the girls are learning how to code,?a student will call her over and she’ll say,?“I don’t know what code to write.”?The teacher will look at her screen,?and she’ll see a blank text editor.

（我开端教女孩们写代码，由于编写代码本生就是一个在无尽头的毛病里重复修正，终极展示魔力的历程。我期望以此来教会女孩英勇，而不是寻求完善。）

我们很快在历程中发明，我们的女孩惧怕出错，惧怕写的不完善。这个项目标教师向我反应道，进修写代码第一周，一个门生会报告教师 “我不晓得怎样写代码。”教师看了这个门生的电脑屏幕，编纂栏一片空缺。

?If she didn’t know any better, she’d think that her student spent the past 20 minutes just staring at the screen.?But if she presses undo a few times,?she’ll see that her student wrote code and then deleted it.?She tried, she came close,?but she didn’t get it exactly right. Instead of showing the progress that she made,?she’d rather show nothing at all.?Perfection or bust.

假如教师不理解状况，她会以为这个门生花了20分钟对着屏幕发愣。可是假如教师按几下打消键，就会晓得这位门生写了代码却把它删除。最少她测验考试过了，并且已险些靠近准确，只是没有完整精准而已。但是这位同窗呀，宁肯局部删光，也不肯意让教师看到她的毛病历程。精美绝伦到了极致，即是一事无成。

这里节选了演讲的一部门，期望爸爸妈妈经由过程这个演讲回忆一下本人对宝物女儿的教诲方法，有则改之，无则加勉！