PEP英语知识：小学英语语法复习要点（一）

小学英语语法复习要点（一）

一、名词复数规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,
watch-watches
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives
5．不规则名词复数：
man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice
child-children
foot-feet,.tooth-teeth
fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese
写出下列各词的复数
I_________him_________this___________her______
watch_______child_______photo________diary______
day________foot________book_______dress________
tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____
thief_______yo-yo______peach______sandwich______
man______woman_______paper_______juice___________
water________milk________rice__________tea__________
二、一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
【No.1】一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。
2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：
WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。
当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
一般现在时的变化
1.be动词的变化。
否定句：主语+be+not+其它。
如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。
如：-Areyouastudent?
-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?
2.行为动词的变化。
否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：
Idon'tlikebread.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：
Hedoesn'toftenplay.
一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：
-Doyouoftenplayfootball?
-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：
-Doesshegotoworkbybike?
-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?
动词+s的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks
2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes
3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink________go_______stay________make________
look_________have_______pass_______carry____
come________watch______plant_______fly________
study_______brush________do_________teach_______
二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.
2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.
3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.
4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.
5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?
6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?
7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?
8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.
9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.
10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.
11.Mike_______(like)cooking.
12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.
13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.
14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.
15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.
16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.
17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.
18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.
19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.
20.－Whatday_______(be)ittoday?
－It’sSaturday.
三、按照要求改写句子
1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
____________________________
3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)
_______________________________________________________
____________________________
4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
____________________________________
5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________________
8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)
___________________________________________________
9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)
________________________________________________________
________________________________
10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________
五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)
1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________
2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________________
3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________
4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________
5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________
三、现在进行时
1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：
疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?
但疑问词当主语时其结构为：
疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?
动词加ing的变化规则
1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting
3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________run__________swim_________make__________
go_________like________write_________ski___________
read________have_________sing________dance_________
put_________see________buy_________love____________
live_______take_________come________get_________
stop_________sit________begin________shop___________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.
2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.
3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.
4.What_____you______(do)now?
5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.
6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.
7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.
8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.
9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow
10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.
三、句型转换：
1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________
4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)
_________________________________________________________________
四、将来时理论及练习
一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow（后天）等。
二、基本结构：①begoingto+do；
②will+do.
三、否定句：在be动词（am,is,are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.
四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。
例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?
五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1.问人。Who例如：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.
2.问干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethis
afternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.
3.问什么时候。When.例如：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoingtobed?
六、同义句：begoingto=will
Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow（明天）.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.
填空。
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.
I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.
2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。
What___________________________________________nextMonday?
I__________________playbasketball.
What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.
3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。
_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?
Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.
4.你们打算什么时候见面。
Whattime_______you___________________meet?
改句子。
5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.（改否定）
Nancy________goingtogocamping.
6.I’llgoandjointhem.（改否定）
I_______go______jointhem.
7.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）
_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?
8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.（改一般疑问句）
_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.
9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.（对划线部分提问）
_______________she_________________________afterschool?
10.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)
__________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11.Todayisasunnyday.We___________________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.
12.Mybrother_______________(go)toShanghainextweek.
13.Tomoften______________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He______________(go)toschoolbybike.
14.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually__________(watch)TVand____________(catch)insects?
15.It’sFridaytoday.What_____she_________(do)thisweekend?She______________(watch)TVand_____________(catch)insects.
16.What___________(d0)youdolastSunday?I____________(pick)applesonafarm.What______________(do)nextSunday?I______________(milk)cows.
17.Mary____________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.
18.LiuTao____________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.
19.David______________(give)apuppetshownextMonday.
20.I________________(plan)formystudynow.

五、一般过去时
1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。
2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：
⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasn’t）
⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=weren’t）
⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t+动词原形，如：Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.
一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?
特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？
如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?
⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？
如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?
动词过去式变化规则：
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked
2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted
3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

过去时练习
写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________fly_______plant________are________
drink_________play_______go________make________
does_________dance________worry________ask_____
taste_________eat__________draw________put______
throw________kick_________pass_______do________
Be动词的过去时练习（1）
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1.I_______atschooljustnow.
2.He________atthecamplastweek.
3.We________studentstwoyearsago.
4.They________onthefarmamomentago.
5.YangLing________elevenyearsoldlastyear.
6.There________anappleontheplateyesterday.
7.There________somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.
8.Themobilephone_______onthesofayesterdayevening.
二、句型转换
1.Itwasexciting.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3.Theywereinhispocket.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
Be动词的过去时练习（2）
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1.I______anEnglishteachernow.
2.She_______happyyesterday.
3.They_______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.
4.HelenandNancy________goodfriends.
5.Thelittledog_____twoyearsoldthisyear.
6.Look,there________lotsofgrapeshere.
7.There________asignonthechaironMonday..
8.Today_____thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_____Children’sDay.Allthestudents______veryexcited.
二、句型转换
1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、中译英
1．我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。
___________________________________________________________
2．他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。
___________________________________________________________
3．一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。
___________________________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习（1）
一、用行为动词的适当形式填空
1.He_________(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.
2.Thecat________(eat)abirdlastnight.
3.We_______(have)apartylastHalloween.
4.Nancy________(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.
5.I________(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.
6.They________(play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.
7.Mymother_______(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.
8.Thegirls________(sing)and_______(dance)attheparty.
二、句型转换
1.SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
2.Nancywenttoschoolearly.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
3.WesangsomeEnglishsongs.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
行为动词的过去时练习（2）
Name____________No.______Date__________
一、用be动词的适当形式填空
1.I______(watch)acartoononSaturday.
2.Herfather_______(read)anewspaperlastnight.
3.We_________tozooyesterday,we_____tothepark.(go)
4.______you_______(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?
5.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.
6.GaoShan_______(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.
7.I____________(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother______.
8.What______she_______(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She__________(find)abeautifulbutterfly.
二、句型转换
1.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.
否定句：________________________________________________
一般疑问句：____________________________________________
肯、否定回答：__________________________________________
三、中译英
1.格林先生去年住在中国。
2.昨天我们参观了农场。

3.他刚才在找他的手机。
________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（1）
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1.It______(be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.
2.Weall______(have)agoodtimelastnight.
3.He________(jump)highonlastSportsDay.
4.Helen________(milk)acowonFriday.
5.Shelikes______newspapers,butshe______abookyesterday.(read)
6.He_______footballnow,butthey_______basketballjustnow.(play)
7.Jim’smother_________(plant)treesjustnow.
8._______they________(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they_____.
9.I_______(watch)acartoononMonday.
10.We___________(go)toschoolonSunday.

二、中译英
1.我们上周五看了一部电影。
_________________________________________________________
2.他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。
_________________________________________________________
3.你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。
_________________________________________________________
4.你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。
_________________________________________________________
过去时综合练习（2）
Name____________No.______Date__________
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1.It_____(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.
MrWhite________(go)tohisofficebycar.
2.GaoShan________(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.
3.Don’t______thehouse.Mum_______ityesterday.(clean)
4.What____you______justnow?I_______somehousework.(do)
5.They_________(make)akiteaweekago.
6.Iwantto______apples.Butmydad_______allofthemlastmonth.(pick)
7._______he______theflowersthismorning?Yes,he_____.(water)
8.She____(be)aprettygirl.Look,she_____(do)Chinesedances.
9.Thestudentsoften_________(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.
10.What______Mikedoonthefarm?He________cows.(milk)
二、中译英
1.他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。
_________________________________________________________
2.去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。
_________________________________________________________
3.他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。
_________________________________________________________