中考英语知识点:情态动词

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2020-08-28 14:44 字数 7397 阅读 1348评论 0
【适合1-6年级孩子】20天攻克KET高频词汇:精准提分,高效冲刺,让英语飞跃进步

  中考英语知识点:情态动词

  米粒妈咪课堂小编整理中考英语知情态动词识点供大家复习备考。

  1.考查情态动词表示“推测”的用法

  [考点快忆] 表示肯定推测的情态动词有:must“一定;准是”,may“也许;可能”,might“或许”;表示否定推测的情态动词有:can't“不可能”, couldn't“不会”,may not“也许不”,might not“或许不”;can表示推测时不用于肯定句,may表示推测时不用于疑问句。

  2.考查情态动词引起的一般疑问句的答语

  [考点快忆] 回答must时,肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't或don't have to。回答need时,肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't。回答may时,肯定答语用may,否定答语用mustn't 或can't。

  3.考查情态动词的意义

  [考点快忆] must “必须”;have to“不得不”; need “必须;需要”; can(could)“能;可能”;may (might) “可以;可能”; shall,will (would)“将;会;愿意;要”; should“应当”。

  “had better (not) + 动词原形”表示建议;have to / has to / had to的否定,疑问形式要借助于助动词do / does / did。

  四. There be 的句子结构

  There be是一个“存在”句型,表示“有”的意思,

  肯定句的形式为:There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。

  be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为“某地有某人或某物”。如:

  There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。

  There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。

  (1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。

  否定形式为:There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。

  There is not any cat in the room. 房间里没猫。

  There aren't any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。

  (2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语

  肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.

  -Is there a dog in the picture?画上有一只狗吗

  -Yes, there is. 有。

  -Are there any boats in the river?河里有船吗

  -No, there aren't. 没有。

  (3)特殊疑问句:How many . . . are there (+地点状语)

  某地有多少人或物回答用There be . . .

  There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .

  有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .

  -How many students are there in the classroom?教室里有多少学生

  -There's only one. / There are nine. 只有一个。/有九个。

  (4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语

  How much water is there in the cup?杯中有多少水

  五. 中考对定语从句的考查:

  一.定语从句的功用和结构

  在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如:

  This is the present that he gave me for my birthday

  二.关系代词和关系副词的功用

  关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语。

  1. 作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如: 

  I don’t like people who talk much but do little.

  The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.

  2. 作宾语:She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.

  The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.

  3. 作定语

  关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如:

  What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?

  The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.

  4. 作状语

  I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.

  三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法

  1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。例如:

  The person who broke the window must pay for it.

  The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.

  2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。例如:

  Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?

  Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.

  3. whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语。例如:

  The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.

  I know the boy whose father is a professor.

  4. which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如:

  A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.

  Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.

  5. that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如:

  I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.

  Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?

  6. when 指时间,在定语从句中作状语。例如:

  I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.

  He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.

  7. where 指地点,在定语从句中作状语。例如:

  This is the house where we lived last year.

  The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.

  四. 关系代词 whom, which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面。

  如:

  That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room

  which we had lived in for ten years.

  五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题:

  1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况:

  (1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如:

  All that he said is true.

  (2) 先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。例如:

  He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.

  (3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如:

  He was the second (person) that told me the secret.

  (4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。

  This is the best book (that) I have read this year.

  (5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如:

  He talked about the people and the things he remembered.

  2. 只能用which,不用that 的情况:

  (1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如:

  The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.

  (2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导,先行词是物时。例如:

  The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.

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