新概念英语三重点句型解析(Lesson1-4)

新概念英语三重点句型解析(Lesson1-4)

Lesson1

1、Where must the puma have come from?

Pumas are large, cat-like animals which are found in America.

在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果(和中文不同) 英文擅长用长句，中文擅长用短句。

-- Pandas are large cat-like animals which are found in Asia. (panda n.熊猫)

cat-like 猫一样的, 偷偷摸摸的 / dog-like 狗一样的 / life-like 栩栩如生的

2、When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.

一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词的后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把 谓语动词放到从句之前

1> 定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰

-- 定语从句的引导词：

-- 指人：主语 who;宾语 who, whom;定语 whose

-- 指物：that(也可以指人)/ which

-- 时间状语：when / 地点状语：where / 原因状语：why

2> 同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容

-- 同位语从句的引导词：

-- 名词(做主语、宾语等)：关系词用 that 而不是 which

-- 时间：when; 地点：where

-- 定语从句中没有 what 这个关系词，但 what 可以引导同位语从句

-- An idea came to her that she might do the experiment in another way.

-- I have no idea what has happened to him。

3、they were not taken seriously(they指代reports)

take sth seriously = deal with sth seriously 认真地对待某事

-- I always take your suggestions seriously.

take sth lightly 草率地对待某事 (lightly adv.轻率地)

-- Don’t take the hot potato lightly (hot potato n.棘手的问题)

4、However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar.

However adv.然而(起转折作用)

As 连词：随着, 当...之时

过去分词做定语：

-- the descriptions given by people

-- the story told by the sailor (n.海员, 水手, 船员)

-- a book written by Luxun

claim to have done sth 声称曾经做过某事

-- He claimed to have been the manager of the large shop.

5、The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw 'a large cat' only five yards away from her.

Where a woman picking… 定语从句

-- I still remember the school where I studied English.

6、It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human being unless it is cornered.

Confirm = be sure = be certain (confirm vt.确定)

Unless it is cornered = if it is not cornered (unless conj.如果不, 除非)

-- He will accept the job unless the salary is too low.

7、The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening.

search = hunt

Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. 把某物留在后面：leave behind

-- Wherever he went, the wound left behind him a trail of blood.(n.血)

8、Paw prints were seen in a number of places and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. 英文表达方式习惯用被动语态, 突出客观事实。而中文则善于运用动作的执行者。

puma fur was found clinging to bushes. (被动)

We found the puma fur clinging to bushes. (主动)

-- clinging to bushes 是现在分词短语做宾补

9、Several people complained of "cat-like noises' at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree.

complain of/about sth 抱怨某事

on+名词：强调动作正在进行

-- on the rise 在上升 / on the increase 在增加

-- on the watch 在观看 / on the match 在比赛中

-- on the fishing trip 在钓鱼的途中 / on holiday 在度假

10、The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from?

Fully(adv.充分地, 完全地)= completely = entirely

11、As no pumas had been reported missing from any zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape.

sth be in the possession of sb = sth be in sb's possession 某物归某人所有(主语是物)

-- The beautiful car is in my possession.= The beautiful car is in the possession of me. Sb be in possession of sth 某人拥有某物(主语是人)

-- I am in possession of the beautiful car.(in possession of… 做表语)

-- The person in possession of the big house is excited. (in possession of… 做定语) take possession of… 拥有…

12、The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught.

Went on = lasted (last vi.继续, 持续)

It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside.

It is disturbing to think that... 一想到…就心理不安

-- It is disturbing to think that I fail my examination

in the quiet countryside 在宁静的山村

Lesson2

1、Was the vicar pleased that the clock was striking? Why?

Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired.

现在进行时和 always 等频度副词搭配时：表示说话人带有某种的情感色彩

Tom is always doing homework. 汤姆总是做家庭作业，怎么也做不完。

Tom always does his homework. 汤姆总是做家庭作业，不拖欠作业。

He is always making noises. 他总是吵吵闹闹，真烦人。

one or another：表示这样或那样

-- for one reason or another 处于这样或那样的原因

-- at one time or another 在这样或那样的时间

-- in one way or another 用这样或那样的方法

get enough money to do sth 募集足够的资金做某事

-- I have to get enough money to have my house repaired.

have something done

1>找某人来做某事 -- have the church clock repaired

-- have the plane repaired / -- have hair cut

2>某人所遭受到的意外某种情况(主语必须是发出动作的人)

-- His wallet was stolen. → He had his wallet stolen.

2、The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.

used to：过去常常做，而现在不再发生的事情了。

-- He used to smoke every day.

3、One night, however, our vicar woke up with a start: the clock was striking the hours!

However -- 在口语中, 主要用于句首;在作文中, 好用在句中、句尾。 要用逗号分隔开来

-- He said that it was so, he was mistaken, however.

He said that it was so, however, he was mistaken.

他说这件事就是如此，然而他弄错了。

-- I know his story, however, I wouldn't like to tell you.

I know his story, I, however, wouldn't like to tell you.

However = Nevertheless (adv. conj.) = Nonetheless (adv.)

Start n.vt.惊跳, 惊起

-- The noise made him started(v.).

-- What a start(n.) you give me. / -- he stood up with a start(n.).

4、Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one o'clock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped.

before：...才

-- Nearly a week passed before she could explain what had happened to her.

5、Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on.

Armed with a torch... 过去分词

Looking at his watch… 现在分词 分词做状语/定语的时候，一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼应一致

6、In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins , our local grocer.

in the torchlight 在手电筒光下 / in the moonlight 在月光下

in the sunshine 在太阳光下 / in the candlelight 在烛光下

非正式用语中 whom 可以省略掉

recognized somebody as… 认出某人是…

regard somebody as 认为某人是 / think of somebody as 认为某人是

treat somebody as 把某人对待为 / have on somebody as 把某人尊敬为

7、'Whatever are you doing up here Bill?' asked the vicar in surprise.

Whatever 中的 ever 用来加强语气

8、'I'm trying to repair the bell,' answered Bill. 'I've been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise.'

night after night 一夜连着一夜

day after day 一天又一天 / year after year 一年又一年

week after week 一周又一周 / bus after bus 一辆车接着一辆车

9、'You certainly did give me a surprise!' said the vicar.

肯定句中常用 do, did, does 加强语气和情感色彩(一定要位于动词原形之前)

-- You do like nice today. 你今天看上去确实很不错。

-- I do like you.

10、'You've probably woken up everyone in the village as well.

as well 用在句尾相当于 too, 主要用于肯定句中, 但比 too 所表达的语意更优秀。

-- You looked nice yesterday and you look beautiful as well today.

11、Still, I'm glad the bell is working again.'

still 用于句首, 用逗号分隔开来, 表达一个转折的关系：虽然如此, 但是

12、‘That's the trouble, vicar,’ answered Bill.

'It's working all right, but I'm afraid that at one o'clock it will strike thirteen times and there's nothing I can do about it."

There is nothing I can do about it = I am at a lose what to do(at a loss adv.困惑)

13、‘We'll get used to that, Bill,’ said the vicar.

"Thirteen is not as good as one, but it's better than nothing. Now let's go downstairs and have a cup of tea.'

get used to / be used to / be accustomed to / get accustomed to 都表示习惯于

get 强调渐近的过程, be 强调习惯了的状态

Lesson3

1、How did the archaeologists knowthat the statue was a goddess?

Some time ago, an interestingdiscovery was made by archaeologists on theAegeanisland of Kea.

some time 1>经过若干时间 2>在未来的某时

sometime adv.在某一时候,曾经, 有一天

sometimes adv.不时, 有时中文习惯用主动语态。

英文习惯用被动语态。以事件、结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述。

An American team explored a temple which standsin an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini.

which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple。(which = that)

stand(不及物) = lie(不及物) 位于

=situate(及物) 使位于, 使处于

=locate(及物) 使...坐落于, 位于

whichstands in... = which lies in… = which is located in… = which is situated in... Stand 1>身高 2>表示高高坐落于, 矗立于

-- She stands 1.75m. 她身高1.75 米

--Agreattree stands on the mount. 一棵大树竖立在山上。

2、The city at one time must havebeen prosperous,forit enjoyed a high level of civilization.

for引导原因状语从句：对主句的附加说明和解释，提供更多的信息。

because 引导原因状语从句：强调原因。

--The daybroke for the birds weresinging.

at one time 表达曾经,一度(过去时态的标志, = once)

must have been 对过去事实肯定的推测

enjoyed a high level of civilization 享有高度文明

3、Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of stone.They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls.

With… 具有…

-- a young manwith broad shoulders / an old lady with black hairbeautifullydecorated过去分词做定语

-- a beautifullydressed lady衣着漂亮的女士

-- a deserted car park 废弃的停车场

-- a whitepainted door 被刷成白色的门

现在分词做定语, 被修饰词与修饰词之间为逻辑主动关系

-- a boyclimbing the tree 正在爬树的男孩

-- the students reading in the room正在房间里读书的学生

4、The city was equipped with a drainage system, fora great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.

be equipped with 配备, 装备 (equip vt.装备, 配备)

air conditioning 空气调节装置 / airconditioner 空气调节机, 空调设备

--The car wasequipped with air conditioning.for引导原因状语从句

在正下方：Beneath = under

-- beneath the narrowstreets = under the narrowstreets

-- He is standing under/beneath the umbrella.

在进行中：只能用under

-- under control 控制之中 / under discussion 讨论之中 / underrepairs 修理之中

below在下方(强调在斜下方)

-- She is sitting belowthe window

5、The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times.

be used as / be used to be 把…用作为

--The box was used as a desk in the small village school.

--The woodenbox was used as a bookcase.

be used to do 被用来做…

--The woodenbox is used to contain books

6、In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.Each of these representeda goddess and had, at one time, been painted.

represent vt.代表

-- I represent all the classmates.

Lesson4

1、Why did Alf wanta white-collar job?

These days, people who do manual work often receive far more money than people who work in offices.

people whodo manual work = blue-collar workers

people who do mental work = white-collar workers= people who work in offices

for more money(far 副词用来加强语气= much)

2、People who work in offices are frequently referred to as "white-collar workers' for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.

refer to...as = regard...as 把...看作为

-- I always referto him as bookworm(n.书呆子)for the simple reason = for 引导的原因状语从句

for the reason that 多用于正式文体，because 多用于口语中。

-- He is refer to as a book wormforthe simple reason that he spare no efforts reading.

-- He wassend to prison for he could not payhisdebts.

3、Such is human nature,that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becomingwhite-collarworkers.

human nature人性

such...that... (that 引导同位语从句,进一步补充说明such 的基本内涵)

-- His kindness was suchthat we will never forget him.

=Such was his kindness that… (such 在句首要倒装)

=He was so kind that we will never forgethim.

-- Such is human nature that we want to get a lot of things free.

介词for表示一种目的

be willing to do sth =be ready to do sth心甘情愿做

4、This can give rise to curious situations, as itdid in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as adustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.

give rise to =(lead to v.导致,通向)(cause vt.引起, 惹起)(result in v.导致)

-- Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings. 这种行为会引起误解。

--The bad conditions have given rise to a lot of crimes. 不良的环境引起了犯罪。

in the case of 就...来说, 关于, 就...而言 (= concerning prep.关于, 涉及, 就...说)

--Stealing is no shame in the case of him. 偷窃对他来说不是一件可耻的事。

in case of(副词)万一,以防今(incase conj.万一)

--You should ensure your house in case of fire. (ensure vt.保证; 担保, 保险)

-- Take umbrellain case of rain 带上雨伞以防下雨。

who引导定语从句

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